www.segra.org

Wind power is an excellent weapon for fighting climate change because wind generation produces no carbon emissions at all. When you consider that every unit of energy generated by wind, is a unit of energy free of carbon pollution, wind makes sense. Producing just 10 per cent of electricity from renewables could cut carbon emissions by 2.5 million tonnes a year.

Small wind-electric systems can provide electricity to remote sites, or to houses that are also connected to the utility grid. But the prices! A small turbine can cost $US 2,000! A medium turbine $3,000! A large one can cost $8,500 – and that’s without the rest of the equipment you will need, and installation costs! Although wind systems require some attention, if you build a strong system, following a proven design, wind-electric systems make great economic and environmental sense.

How much FREE electricity will I get? There seems to be a myth that wind power produces little power. Strange, when a 1.8-megawatt turbine produces enough power for 1,000 homes.

More realistically for the DIY wind turbine maker, a small wind turbine, with a rotor diameter of 7 feet (2.1 m), and a swept area of 38.5 square feet (3.6 m2) will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 80 KWH! This is enough power for a low-energy home, yacht, or business. A medium sized wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 10 feet (3 m) and a swept area of 79 square feet (7.3 m2) will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 130 KWH! This would be suitable for a medium-energy home, business, or school. A large wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 12.5 feet (3.8 m), and a swept area of 120 square feet (11.2 m2), will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 230 KWH! This is for big energy consumers. A huge wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 56 feet (17 m), and a swept area of 2,462 square feet (229 m2) will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 5,060 KWH! These power large farms, very high-energy businesses, villages, islands, and massive heating projects.

Smaller turbines can be built for boats, caravans, cabins, or where only a small amount of electricity is needed. But for significant amounts of energy, you need a large enough rotor, as this is the wind turbine’s ‘energy collector’. When sizing a wind-electric system, you don’t add windmills in as you need them, as you can with solar panels. Because wind is more cost effective as you increase in system size, most people put up only one wind turbine, big enough to significantly slash their electric bills, or to fulfill all of their energy requirements for the foreseeable future.

System Components: The turbine is only one component of a wind-electric system, and very often is not even the most expensive component. You need all of the necessary components to have a functional system. Plan ahead to buy quality components properly matched to each other and to your energy use.

A complete wind-electric system includes: • Turbine—blades + hub = “rotor,” which is the “collector” of the system. • Tower—supports the turbine, getting it up out of the turbulent zone created by trees and buildings, and exposes the turbine to more wind • Wiring and conduit—carries the electricity down the tower and to power-conditioning equipment • Controller/Electronics—controls charging of battery or input to inverter • Batteries—used for storage in off-grid systems or grid-tied systems with battery backup • Inverter—converts direct current (DC) electricity from batteries or rectifier to alternating current (AC) for home use or “storage” on the utility grid • Metering—allows user to understand and manage system operation.
Small wind turbine: needs a controller or inverter, and is suitable for battery less grid-tie or 12, 24, 48 VDC battery charging
Medium sized: needs a controller or inverter, and is used for charging 12, 24, 48 VDC batteries Large: needs controller, dump load, and inverter. Suitable for battery less grid-tie or charging 48 VDC battery.
Huge: suitable for battery less grid-tie

How does a wind turbine actually produce electricity? The rotating blades convert the wind’s kinetic energy into rotation in a shaft. The rotating shaft turns an alternator, which makes electricity. The electricity is transmitted through wiring, down the tower, to batteries, or an inverter. The blades are designed to intercept wind and capture its energy. Most modern wind generators have three blades, to compromise between the highest efficiency possible (one blade) and balance (multiple blades). The blades must turn to face the wind, so a yaw bearing allows the wind turbine to track the winds as they shift direction. A tail directs the rotor into the wind. In small-scale designs, the rotor is connected directly to the shaft of a permanent magnet alternator, which creates Alternating Current. This wild, three-phase electricity means that the voltage and frequency vary continuously with the wind speed. The AC output is used to either charge batteries or feed a grid-synchronous inverter, which turns it to steady, usable Direct Current. In small designs, the rotor is connected to the alternator, eliminating the need for gears. In larger systems, a gearbox is used to increase alternator speed from a slower turning rotor. A governing system limits the rotor rpm and generator output to protect the turbine from high winds. A shutdown mechanism is also useful to stop the machine during an extreme storm, or when you want to service the system. Understanding the Ratings Wind turbine rating is difficult because rated output is pegged to a particular wind speed, and different manufacturers compare different wind speeds to better promote their particular model. To understand the real power of wind, cube its speed. For example, 10 kph of wind, gives 10 x 10 x 10 = 1,000 watts. Or, a 10% increase in speed gives a 33% increase in power. This means that very small increases in wind speed create huge increases in power. This also means that a turbine that produces 1,000 watts at a wind speed of 28 mph, might produce only 125 watts at a wind speed of 14 mph – so half the wind produces 1/8 of the power. So ignore the rated peak output of a turbine, and look for the monthly (or annual) energy production you require (from your energy audit), estimated for the average wind speed at your site. After all, long-term energy is what you’re after, not peak output! If, for example, you know your home has 10 mph winds, and you need 400 KWH per month, you know what turbine to build. Knowing a turbine’s swept area may also help you calculate the annual energy output for the wind turbine. Jim Green at the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) developed a formula: annual energy output (AEO) in KWH = 0.01328 x rotor diameter (ft.) squared x average wind speed (mph) cubed. Easy!

Getting Started: Consider: Is it your aim to slash your bills, or to be completely independent? Are you going to be stand-alone, or will you still be connected to (and adding into/taking from) the grid? If you’re staying connected to the grid, will your local power company pay you for the electricity you generate?

First you need an energy audit of your home. Go to www.njcleanenergy.com for an accurate home energy audit, and great ideas on saving electricity and money. Sit down with your family, work out how many kilowatt-hours you all use, and find out where the waste is. But be realistic, reasonable, and think laterally. Just because you are now horrified at how much electricity your plasma TV uses, doesn’t mean the kids are never allowed to watch it. You may consider a smaller, more efficient TV for weekly use, and save the plasma for the weekend family movie.

Next, work out your location’s average wind speed, at a website like www.awea.org for the USA. When you know how much energy you need, and how much your wind will provide, you will be able to see the size of turbine you will need.

Now that you have a good idea of what you’re after, check out the DIY Wind Power Kits at EarthEnergyPlus.Com These kits have been selected with the DIY novice in mind, and include all the information you will need to build your own electricity-producing windmill! Detailed lists of the tools, parts, and where to get them. Video instructions you can play over and over. Great back-up from dedicated designers! Build your own wind power system this weekend, then sit back and watch your home-built wind generator turn a summer breeze into FREE electricity!

In these days of energy efficiency, recycling and greater environmental awareness, we are all becoming more conscious of our impact on the planet we live on. Politicians may struggle to agree on anything, but you can make a difference now by reducing your ‘Carbon Footprint’.

What is a ‘Carbon Footprint’?
This is the amount of the greenhouse gas, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), that you release into the atmosphere as a result of your daily activities from, for example:Heating and lighting power stations release CO2 from burning fuel to provide the electricity you use.

• Installing Double Glazing can cut heat loss through windows by half. If you can’t afford to replace all the windows, why not choose the rooms that cost you the most to heat?
• Travelling transport, cars and aeroplanes release CO2 by burning fossil fuels – oil, petrol, diesel and gas.
• Waste the energy used to produce paper and packaging, and the cutting down of trees, releases and increases CO2

Save energy and reduce your ‘Carbon Footprint’?
There are many ways, such as driving smaller-engined cars, using energy-saving lightbulbs, recycling rubbish and making greener choices when you’re shopping. But there are a few ways to make a big impact straight away, whilst also reducing your utility bills:

• Double glazing save on energy wastage by reducing heat loss
• Loft and wall insulation as much as 60p in every £1 spent on heating could be wasted without insulation
• Boiler upgrade a modern A-rated boiler uses less energy but produces the same heat and could save you up to 40% off your bills.

Research has shown that uPVC double glazing halves heat loss through windows and doors and can save between £80 and £100 on the average heating bill. Professionally fitted double glazing increases a homes energy efficiency which in turn increases the value of the property, a worthy consideration bearing in mind the current instability in the UK’s housing market.

Thousands of British homes still have poor insulation and inadequate heating. This sad fact coupled with the potential rise of gas and electricity bills by up to 40% this winter means having double glazed doors and windows fitted is now more important than ever.

Approximately half of the UK’s CO2 emissions come from the energy we use every day in our homes, so cutting down on domestic energy usage not only saves the average household up to £100 on their energy bills, but also contributes significantly to cutting CO2 emissions in the UK.

Replacing all of a household’s windows and doors with double glazed units may be an unrealistic concept, especially if you’re on a tight budget, however, replacing only the windows in the rooms which get the most use and the front door will still help reduce your annual heating bills by a significant amount.

Today’s uPVC windows and doors live up to the highest standards and surpass rigorous wind speed and snow load tests.

A spokes person for the Conservatory Outlet Dealerships a leading supplier of Double Glazing commented on the current energy saving initiative;
“We’ve seen a steady increase in trade and enquiries over the last few years which shows the British public are keen to increase the energy efficiency of their homes and protect themselves against future rises in energy costs.”

For further details on the latest energy effecient double glazing windows visit:
or http://www.westyorkshirewindows.co.uk
or http://www.planeteast.co.uk
or http://www.planetsouthlakes.com

Advanced UPS technologies are helping to ease pressure, save money and help organisations meet their environmental responsibilities explains Mike Elms, Technical Services manager for Uninterruptible Power Supplies Limited

UPS systems have long played a vital role in business critical IT power protection, with many data centres still running systems 20 years after installation. But demand has been increasing exponentially while energy and carbon emission costs have been escalating. This is motivating data centre operators to adopt innovative UPS technology where legacy systems are no longer sufficient.

Continued rapid growth in online business transaction processing creates a power demand which is not only much greater but increasingly critical as well. Many organisations’ continued existence depends on the uninterrupted availability of their online transaction processing resource.  Meanwhile, the pressure to mitigate this rising demand for critical power isn’t due to spiralling energy costs alone; the Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) is the latest in a series of international and Government measures intended to cut energy consumption and carbon emissions. Qualifying organisations who fail to reduce will be penalised financially and by reputation. Their energy costs will rise and their position in a league table will be publically visible.

Innovative UPS architecture is allowing data centres to address these issues. Earlier UPSs were bulky, transformer-based monolithic floor-standing units that lacked flexibility in adapting to current or projected critical loads. By contrast, a UPS configuration can now comprise a set of small, rack-mounting modules that can be incremented or ‘right sized’ to accurately match the current data centre load.

By right sizing, the UPS modules run at near full load, increasing their operational efficiency. This cuts costs and carbon emission directly through reduced energy consumption and indirectly through a reduced cooling load. Further financial and floorspace savings arise because overcapacity for future expansion becomes unnecessary – additional modules can be added when required.  With modular growth flexibly tracking that of its critical load, UPS loading and efficiency can be maintained.

The trend towards leading power factor blade servers within data centres highlights another efficiency advantage of transformerless modular UPSs. They require less de-rating, therefore less extra capacity, than traditional systems to handle leading power factor loads.

Availability and resilience to failure are also greatly enhanced. A single extra module can introduce n+1 redundancy without excessive impact on the system’s size, loading or efficiency. And hot swapping, by reducing modular repair time to around half an hour, can increase power availability by a factor of 10.

A recent UPS Ltd customer configuration demonstrates the true savings potential of their modular PowerWAVE UPS technology. The customer’s critical load was 400kVA, expected to rise soon to 500kVA; to meet this with n+1 redundancy using a traditional transformer system would mean supplying two 400kVA units, which would each be running at just 50% full loading and 75% efficiency. The modular version, using 50kVA modules, was configured with eleven 50kVA modules. This 550kVA capacity provides n+1 redundancy while the modules operate at 73% full load and 94% efficiency.  The system also presents an improved power factor of 0.95 – compared with the traditional system’s 0.85 – to the incoming supply.

With air conditioning costs included, this improved efficiency translates into a total yearly running cost of £18,657 compared with the traditional system’s £97,432. Over 5 years, this achieves a cost of ownership saving of £393,875 and a CO2 reduction of 2,160.3 Tonnes. This carries a carbon neutral offset of 3,326 trees.

On top of the significant cost savings available, many other benefits also apply. While organisations’ IT load grows, their data centre’s physical size typically does not. This inevitably and increasingly limits both floor-space and access, meaning the reduction of 40 – 50% in terms of both footprint and weight, offered by modular UPSs, assumes far greater significance. Therefore, with further benefits including lower input current harmonic distortion and lower audible noise, choosing the right modular UPS has never been more important.

Living a greener life is not only good for the planet’s health, it’s good for your health and the health of your family. Maintaining a bright green kitchen – in terms of energy efficiency and energy use, not color – can reduce your carbon footprint, but it can also help you feed your family a healthier, more delicious diet. The way that you shop, cook, serve and clean up after serving meals all contribute to creating not just a healthy kitchen but a bright green kitchen.

Shopping Tips for a Greener Kitchen Buy local when you can. It means less fuel was used to transport your food, and less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Shop at farmers’ markets. You know you’re buying locally, and contributing to the local economy as well. Keeping local farmers in business is good for everyone. Skip “serving size packs” of food and buy in bulk. It reduces the amount of trash going into the landfills. Bring your own bags. Every plastic bag you don’t use is one less bag in the trash. For an added bonus, many stores will take 5-10 cents off your grocery bill for every bag you bring. Look for the recycle symbol on products that you buy in plastic bottles to make sure you’re buying containers that can be recycled. Green Cooking Tips Raw foods use no energy at all in preparation. Serve fruits and vegetables au naturel as snacks and desserts. Use the right size burner for your pots and pans. Don’t put a small pan on a large burner – it wastes up to 40% of the energy used to heat the burner. Think small. Use the smallest cooking appliance possible when cooking. A full-size oven wastes a lot of energy heating empty space. Try a counter top oven or slow cooker to use less energy when cooking. Skip the food processor and electric mixer for small jobs. Some of the best kitchen appliances use no energy at all – an old-fashioned egg beater, for instance, can whip cream or egg whites with just a little elbow grease. Don’t preheat your oven. Most modern ovens heat quickly enough that preheating is redundant. Serve It Green If you must use disposable dishes and serving ware, use paper which can go into your compost, or look for post-consumer recycled materials. Using fewer dishes means washing fewer dishes – less energy needed for cleanup. There’s no need to dump vegetables from the cooking pot into a serving dish. Garnish food with edible fresh flowers and herbs from your own garden. Gardening is one way to reduce your carbon footprint by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Serve food when it’s ready to avoid having to keep food warm. Green Kitchen Cleanup Tips If you only have a couple of plates and cups, wash them by hand instead of running the dishwasher. When hand-washing, fill the sink instead of washing and rinsing under running water. Compost fruit and vegetable peels and leftovers. Good for your garden, good for the planet. It’s actually kinder to the environment to run the dishwasher for a full load of dishes than to wash them by hand. Recycle as much as possible – glass, cans and cardboard are all recyclable. The more you recycle, the less goes into the landfills to clog up our earth.

Wind power is an excellent weapon for fighting climate change because wind generation produces no carbon emissions at all. When you consider that every unit of energy generated by wind, is a unit of energy free of carbon pollution, wind makes sense. Producing just 10 per cent of electricity from renewables could cut carbon emissions by 2.5 million tonnes a year.

Small wind-electric systems can provide electricity to remote sites, or to houses that are also connected to the utility grid. But the prices! A small turbine can cost $US 2,000! A medium turbine $3,000! A large one can cost $8,500 – and that’s without the rest of the equipment you will need, and installation costs! Although wind systems require some attention, if you build a strong system, following a proven design, wind-electric systems make great economic and environmental sense.

How much FREE electricity will I get? There seems to be a myth that wind power produces little power. Strange, when a 1.8-megawatt turbine produces enough power for 1,000 homes.

More realistically for the DIY wind turbine maker, a small wind turbine, with a rotor diameter of 7 feet (2.1 m), and a swept area of 38.5 square feet (3.6 m2) will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 80 KWH! This is enough power for a low-energy home, yacht, or business. A medium sized wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 10 feet (3 m) and a swept area of 79 square feet (7.3 m2) will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 130 KWH! This would be suitable for a medium-energy home, business, or school. A large wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 12.5 feet (3.8 m), and a swept area of 120 square feet (11.2 m2), will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 230 KWH! This is for big energy consumers. A huge wind turbine with a rotor diameter of 56 feet (17 m), and a swept area of 2,462 square feet (229 m2) will produce, per month, at average wind speeds of 10 mph – 5,060 KWH! These power large farms, very high-energy businesses, villages, islands, and massive heating projects.

Smaller turbines can be built for boats, caravans, cabins, or where only a small amount of electricity is needed. But for significant amounts of energy, you need a large enough rotor, as this is the wind turbine’s ‘energy collector’. When sizing a wind-electric system, you don’t add windmills in as you need them, as you can with solar panels. Because wind is more cost effective as you increase in system size, most people put up only one wind turbine, big enough to significantly slash their electric bills, or to fulfill all of their energy requirements for the foreseeable future.

System Components: The turbine is only one component of a wind-electric system, and very often is not even the most expensive component. You need all of the necessary components to have a functional system. Plan ahead to buy quality components properly matched to each other and to your energy use.

A complete wind-electric system includes: • Turbine—blades + hub = “rotor,” which is the “collector” of the system. • Tower—supports the turbine, getting it up out of the turbulent zone created by trees and buildings, and exposes the turbine to more wind • Wiring and conduit—carries the electricity down the tower and to power-conditioning equipment • Controller/Electronics—controls charging of battery or input to inverter • Batteries—used for storage in off-grid systems or grid-tied systems with battery backup • Inverter—converts direct current (DC) electricity from batteries or rectifier to alternating current (AC) for home use or “storage” on the utility grid • Metering—allows user to understand and manage system operation.
Small wind turbine: needs a controller or inverter, and is suitable for battery less grid-tie or 12, 24, 48 VDC battery charging
Medium sized: needs a controller or inverter, and is used for charging 12, 24, 48 VDC batteries Large: needs controller, dump load, and inverter. Suitable for battery less grid-tie or charging 48 VDC battery.
Huge: suitable for battery less grid-tie

How does a wind turbine actually produce electricity? The rotating blades convert the wind’s kinetic energy into rotation in a shaft. The rotating shaft turns an alternator, which makes electricity. The electricity is transmitted through wiring, down the tower, to batteries, or an inverter. The blades are designed to intercept wind and capture its energy. Most modern wind generators have three blades, to compromise between the highest efficiency possible (one blade) and balance (multiple blades). The blades must turn to face the wind, so a yaw bearing allows the wind turbine to track the winds as they shift direction. A tail directs the rotor into the wind. In small-scale designs, the rotor is connected directly to the shaft of a permanent magnet alternator, which creates Alternating Current. This wild, three-phase electricity means that the voltage and frequency vary continuously with the wind speed. The AC output is used to either charge batteries or feed a grid-synchronous inverter, which turns it to steady, usable Direct Current. In small designs, the rotor is connected to the alternator, eliminating the need for gears. In larger systems, a gearbox is used to increase alternator speed from a slower turning rotor. A governing system limits the rotor rpm and generator output to protect the turbine from high winds. A shutdown mechanism is also useful to stop the machine during an extreme storm, or when you want to service the system. Understanding the Ratings Wind turbine rating is difficult because rated output is pegged to a particular wind speed, and different manufacturers compare different wind speeds to better promote their particular model. To understand the real power of wind, cube its speed. For example, 10 kph of wind, gives 10 x 10 x 10 = 1,000 watts. Or, a 10% increase in speed gives a 33% increase in power. This means that very small increases in wind speed create huge increases in power. This also means that a turbine that produces 1,000 watts at a wind speed of 28 mph, might produce only 125 watts at a wind speed of 14 mph – so half the wind produces 1/8 of the power. So ignore the rated peak output of a turbine, and look for the monthly (or annual) energy production you require (from your energy audit), estimated for the average wind speed at your site. After all, long-term energy is what you’re after, not peak output! If, for example, you know your home has 10 mph winds, and you need 400 KWH per month, you know what turbine to build. Knowing a turbine’s swept area may also help you calculate the annual energy output for the wind turbine. Jim Green at the National Renewable Energy Lab (NREL) developed a formula: annual energy output (AEO) in KWH = 0.01328 x rotor diameter (ft.) squared x average wind speed (mph) cubed. Easy!

Getting Started: Consider: Is it your aim to slash your bills, or to be completely independent? Are you going to be stand-alone, or will you still be connected to (and adding into/taking from) the grid? If you’re staying connected to the grid, will your local power company pay you for the electricity you generate?

First you need an energy audit of your home. Go to www.njcleanenergy.com for an accurate home energy audit, and great ideas on saving electricity and money. Sit down with your family, work out how many kilowatt-hours you all use, and find out where the waste is. But be realistic, reasonable, and think laterally. Just because you are now horrified at how much electricity your plasma TV uses, doesn’t mean the kids are never allowed to watch it. You may consider a smaller, more efficient TV for weekly use, and save the plasma for the weekend family movie.

Next, work out your location’s average wind speed, at a website like www.awea.org for the USA. When you know how much energy you need, and how much your wind will provide, you will be able to see the size of turbine you will need.

Now that you have a good idea of what you’re after, check out the DIY Wind Power Kits at EarthEnergyPlus.Com These kits have been selected with the DIY novice in mind, and include all the information you will need to build your own electricity-producing windmill! Detailed lists of the tools, parts, and where to get them. Video instructions you can play over and over. Great back-up from dedicated designers! Build your own wind power system this weekend, then sit back and watch your home-built wind generator turn a summer breeze into FREE electricity!

In these days of energy efficiency, recycling and greater environmental awareness, we are all becoming more conscious of our impact on the planet we live on. Politicians may struggle to agree on anything, but you can make a difference now by reducing your ‘Carbon Footprint’.

What is a ‘Carbon Footprint’?
This is the amount of the greenhouse gas, Carbon Dioxide (CO2), that you release into the atmosphere as a result of your daily activities from, for example:Heating and lighting power stations release CO2 from burning fuel to provide the electricity you use.

• Installing Double Glazing can cut heat loss through windows by half. If you can’t afford to replace all the windows, why not choose the rooms that cost you the most to heat?
• Travelling transport, cars and aeroplanes release CO2 by burning fossil fuels – oil, petrol, diesel and gas.
• Waste the energy used to produce paper and packaging, and the cutting down of trees, releases and increases CO2

Save energy and reduce your ‘Carbon Footprint’?
There are many ways, such as driving smaller-engined cars, using energy-saving lightbulbs, recycling rubbish and making greener choices when you’re shopping. But there are a few ways to make a big impact straight away, whilst also reducing your utility bills:

• Double glazing save on energy wastage by reducing heat loss
• Loft and wall insulation as much as 60p in every £1 spent on heating could be wasted without insulation
• Boiler upgrade a modern A-rated boiler uses less energy but produces the same heat and could save you up to 40% off your bills.

Research has shown that uPVC double glazing halves heat loss through windows and doors and can save between £80 and £100 on the average heating bill. Professionally fitted double glazing increases a homes energy efficiency which in turn increases the value of the property, a worthy consideration bearing in mind the current instability in the UK’s housing market.

Thousands of British homes still have poor insulation and inadequate heating. This sad fact coupled with the potential rise of gas and electricity bills by up to 40% this winter means having double glazed doors and windows fitted is now more important than ever.

Approximately half of the UK’s CO2 emissions come from the energy we use every day in our homes, so cutting down on domestic energy usage not only saves the average household up to £100 on their energy bills, but also contributes significantly to cutting CO2 emissions in the UK.

Replacing all of a household’s windows and doors with double glazed units may be an unrealistic concept, especially if you’re on a tight budget, however, replacing only the windows in the rooms which get the most use and the front door will still help reduce your annual heating bills by a significant amount.

Today’s uPVC windows and doors live up to the highest standards and surpass rigorous wind speed and snow load tests.

A spokes person for the Conservatory Outlet Dealerships a leading supplier of Double Glazing commented on the current energy saving initiative;
“We’ve seen a steady increase in trade and enquiries over the last few years which shows the British public are keen to increase the energy efficiency of their homes and protect themselves against future rises in energy costs.”

For further details on the latest energy effecient double glazing windows visit:
or http://www.westyorkshirewindows.co.uk
or http://www.planeteast.co.uk
or http://www.planetsouthlakes.com